What is a solar cell?

A solar cell sheet is a thin semiconductor sheet that generates electricity directly from sunlight. Most solar cells are made from silicon, which is a blue rectangular shape, and are encapsulated in series and parallel to form a solar module.

How do solar cells work?

When the sunlight irradiation in the battery sheet, solar cell sheet in the multi-layer silicon, absorbing photons, its own electrons due to the absorption of energy from the silicon structure detached from the free electrons, free electrons will be due to the formation of P-type conductor and N-type conductor between the electric field for the directional movement, free electrons move to the N area, the P area is left in the position of the electrons, i.e., the formation of P-area hole, the formation of the electrons of the N-area, the formation of the directional flow of free electrons Solar panels after repeated electron flow, hole filling, to realize from light energy to electrical energy, external wires and loads can be used.

The main types of solar cell

Polycrystalline silicon cell: polycrystalline silicon cell is composed of many small particles with different crystal direction, silicon material after deionized water rinsing, heating and molding in the casting furnace is completed. Polycrystalline silicon cell is currently more mature and lower cost solar cell technology.

Monocrystalline silicon cell sheet: monocrystalline silicon cell sheet is the whole crystallization of silicon material, in order to reduce costs, the modern ground is mainly used in monocrystalline silicon rods, monocrystalline silicon rods cut into silicon wafers, after a series of processing made. Its photoelectric conversion efficiency is the highest, monocrystalline silicon is currently the most widely used solar cell sheet.

Amorphous silicon cell sheet: amorphous silicon cell sheet of long-range disordered destruction of silicon crystal electron jump, so that it has a high absorption rate of photons, amorphous silicon solar cell sheet is mainly made using ion-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, reactive sputtering method, glow discharge method and other methods. Save a lot of silicon material, and have a high absorption rate of low intensity light.

Organic photovoltaic cells: Organic photovoltaic cells are organic semiconductors that generate current with the photovoltaic effect. It is flexible and lightweight, but lower power generation efficiency is the main reason for limiting the development.

Chalcogenide solar cell sheet: the use of chalcogenide-type organic semiconductor as a light-absorbing material, with high efficiency, lower cost and other advantages, but now this solar cell sheet is mainly used in the spin-coating method, but the spin-coating method is difficult to precipitate the chalcogenide thin film, the development of its technology needs to be improved.

Summarize

The working principle of solar cell is photovoltaic effect, different solar cell performance is different, you can choose according to the needs of solar cells in the work of some problems will occur, you need regular maintenance and cleaning.